Waterfalls

What landforms can be created along the course of a river?

UPPER COURSE - Waterfalls

Waterfalls are areas where water descends vertically. They form where there is a layer of hard rock with softer rock underneath. As the water falls over the waterfall it erodes the softer rock below by hydraulic action. This creates a plunge pool and undercutting. The undercutting continues creating an overhang, eventually this overhang becomes to heavy and collapses into the plunge pool. This process is then repeated again, meaning that the waterfall is constantly retreating upstream. This leaves behind a gorge which is a steep sided valley.

Watch the following videos:

Formation of Waterfalls

How Waterfalls Form

Waterfall - diagram and explanation

iGCSE /IB Waterfalls & Erosion 

World's Most Bizarre Waterfalls

How to Make a Realistic Waterfall Model

Waterfall Model Made at Home